Analysis of Studies By The Sea

Charlotte Smith 1749 (London) – 1806 (Tilford, Surrey)



AH ! wherefore do the incurious say,
That this stupendous ocean wide,
No change presents from day to day,
Save only the alternate tide;
Or save when gales of summer glide
Across the lightly crisped wave;
Or, when against the cliff's rough side,
As equinoctial tempests rave,
It wildly bursts; o'erwhelms the deluged strand,
Tears down its bounds, and desolates the land ?

He who with more enquiring eyes
Doth this extensive scene survey,
Beholds innumerous changes rise,
As various winds its surface sway;
Now o'er its heaving bosom play
Small sparkling waves of silver gleam,
And as they lightly glide away
Illume with fluctuating beam
The deepening surge; green as the dewy corn
That undulates in April's breezy morn.
The far off waters then assume
A glowing amethystine shade,
That changing like the peacock's plume
Seems in celestial blue to fade;

Or paler, colder hues of lead,
As lurid vapours float on high,
Along the ruffling billows spread,
While darkly lours the threatening sky;
And the small scatter'd barks with outspread shrouds,
Catch the long gleams, that fall between the clouds.
Then day's bright star with blunted rays
Seems struggling thro' the sea-fog pale,
And doubtful in the heavy haze,
Is dimly seen the nearing sail;
'Till from the land a fresher gale
Disperses the white mist, and clear,
As melts away the gauzy veil,
The sun-reflecting waves appear;

So, brighter genuine virtue seems to rise
From envy's dark invidious calumnies.
What glories on the sun attend,
When the full tides of evening flow,
Where in still changing beauty, blend
With amber light, the opal's glow;
While in the east the diamond bow
Rises in virgin lustre bright,
And from the horizon seems to throw,
A partial line of trembling light
To the hush'd shore; and all the tranquil deep
Beneath the modest moon, is sooth'd to sleep.

Forgotten then, the thundering break
Of waves, that in the tempest rise,
The falling cliff, the shatter'd wreck,
The howling blast, the sufferer's cries;
For soft the breeze of evening sighs,
And murmuring seems in Fancy's ear
To whisper fairy lullabies,
That tributary waters bear
From precipices, dark with piny woods,
And inland rocks, and heathy solitudes.
The vast encircling seas within,
What endless swarms of creatures hide ,
Of burnish'd scale, and spiny fin !
These providential instincts guide,

And bid them know the annual tide,
When, from unfathom'd waves that swell,
Beyond Fuego's stormy side,
They come, to cheer the tribes that dwell
In Boreal climes; and thro' his half year's night
Give to the Lapland savage, food and light.
From cliffs, that pierce the northern sky;
Where eagles rear their sanguine brood,
With long awaiting patient eye,
Baffled by many a sailing cloud,
The Highland native marks the flood,
Till bright the quickening billows roll,
And hosts of sea-birds, clamouring loud,
Track with wild wing the welcome shoal,

Swift o'er the animated current sweep,
And bear their silver captives from the deep.
Sons of the North ! your streamy vales
With no rich sheaves rejoice and sing;
Her flowery robe no fruit conceals,
Tho' sweetly smile your tardy spring;
Yet every mountain, clothed with ling,
Doth from its purple brow survey
Your busy sails, that ceaseless bring
To the broad frith, and sheltering bay,
Riches, by Heaven's parental power supplied,­
The harvest of the far embracing tide.

And, where those fractur'd mountains lift
O'er the blue wave their towering crest,
Each salient ledge and hollow cleft
To sea-fowl give a rugged nest.
But with instinctive love is drest
The Eider's downy cradle; where
The mother-bird, her glossy breast
Devotes, and with maternal care,
And plumeless bosom, stems the toiling seas,
That foam round the tempestuous Orcades.
From heights, whence shuddering sense recoils,
And cloud-capped headlands, steep and bare,
Sons of the North ! your venturous toils
Collect your poor and scanty fare.

Urged by imperious Want, you dare
Scale the loose cliff, where Gannets hide,
Or scarce suspended, in the air
Hang perilous; and thus provide
The soft voluptuous couch, which not secures
To Luxury's pamper'd minions, sleep like yours.
Revolving still, the waves that now
Just ripple on the level shore,
Have borne perchance the Indian's prow,
Or half congeal'd, 'mid ice rocks hoar,


Scheme ABABBCBCDD EAEAAFAFGGHIHI JKJKLLMNMNNONO EAPQPQRSQSTT XEXEEXEUXAVBVB BWBWSSKXKXXXXN TTXYXYYAYABB XZXZBUZUXA1 U1 U UBUB2 2 R3 R3
Poetic Form
Metre 111011 11010101 11101111 11001001 11111101 0101011 11010111 1111 110110101 11110101 111111 11010101 11101 110011101 110110101 11011101 01110101 111001 01001110101 110010101 01110101 01011 1101011 10010111 1110111 1101111 010100101 110101001 001101111 1011110101 11111101 110010111 01000101 11010101 11010101 101101 1101011 01010101 11010010111 11101001 11010101 10111101 10110101 11010101 10010101 10010101 010010111 010111001 1011010101 0101011111 010101001 11100101 01010101 0101011 11011101 01001011 1101010 1100101 1111101 011011 010100101 11011101 11010101 1010101 011101001 111111 011101 11110111 011011111 110110101 11110101 11011101 11010101 101100101 01010101 110100101 0111111 11110101 1100100101 0111010101 1101111 11110101 010011101 11011101 110010111 11110101 11011101 101101001 101100101001 0101010101 01110101 1001111001 110010101 11110101 11010111 0110101 01010101 01010101 011010101 11101001 111100101 0111101 1101111 01110101 110100111 1011111 11010001 11000101 01010011101 111010111 01010111 11010101 110101001 11011111
Closest metre Iambic tetrameter
Characters 4,275
Words 702
Sentences 18
Stanzas 9
Stanza Lengths 10, 14, 14, 12, 14, 14, 12, 14, 10
Lines Amount 114
Letters per line (avg) 30
Words per line (avg) 6
Letters per stanza (avg) 378
Words per stanza (avg) 79
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Submitted on May 13, 2011

Modified on March 05, 2023

3:38 min read
91

Charlotte Smith

Charlotte Turner Smith was an English Romantic poet and novelist. She initiated a revival of the English sonnet, helped establish the conventions of Gothic fiction, and wrote political novels of sensibility. A successful writer, she published ten novels, three books of poetry, four children's books, and other assorted works over the course of her career. She saw herself as a poet first and foremost, poetry at that period being considered the most exalted form of literature. Scholars now credit her with transforming the sonnet into an expression of woeful sentiment. more…

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